Adaptive Optimized Discriminative Learning based Image Deblurring using Deep CNN

Image degradation plays a major problem in many image processing applications. Due to blurring, the quality of an image is degraded and there will be a reduction in bandwidth. Blur in an image is due to variations in atmospheric turbulence, focal length, camera settings, etc. Various types of blurs include Gaussian blur, Motion blur, Out-of-focus blur. The effect of noise along with blur further corrupts the captured image. Many techniques have evolved to deblur the degraded image. The leading approach to solve various degraded images are either based on discriminative learning models or on optimization models. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.  Learning by discriminative methods is faster but restricted to a specific task whereas optimization models handle flexibly but consume more time. Integrating optimization models suitably by learning with discriminative manner results in effective image restoration. In this paper, a set of effective and fast Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are employed to deblur the Gaussian, motion and out-of-focus blurred images that integrate with optimization models to further avoid noise effects. The proposed methods work more efficiently for applications with low-level vision

Mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways cooperate in zearalenone-induced apoptosis of human leukemic cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Zearalenone (ZEA) is a phytoestrogen from <it>Fusarium </it>species. The aims of the study was to identify mode of human leukemic cell death induced by ZEA and the mechanisms involved.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cell cytotoxicity of ZEA on human leukemic HL-60, U937 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed by using 3-(4,5-dimethyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Reactive oxygen species production, cell cycle analysis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential reduction was determined by employing 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, propidium iodide and 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide and flow cytometry, respectively. Caspase-3 and -8 activities were detected by using fluorogenic Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (DEVD-AMC) and Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (IETD-AMC) substrates, respectively. Protein expression of cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was performed by Western blot. The expression of proteins was assessed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis (PAGE) coupled with LC-MS2 analysis and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>ZEA was cytotoxic to U937 > HL-60 > PBMCs and caused subdiploid peaks and G1 arrest in both cell lines. Apoptosis of human leukemic HL-60 and U937 cell apoptosis induced by ZEA was via an activation of mitochondrial release of cytochrome c through mitochondrial transmembrane potential reduction, activation of caspase-3 and -8, production of reactive oxygen species and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Bax was up regulated in a time-dependent manner and there was down regulation of Bcl-xL expression. Two-dimensional PAGE coupled with LC-MS2 analysis showed that ZEA treatment of HL-60 cells produced differences in the levels of 22 membrane proteins such as apoptosis inducing factor and the ER stress proteins including endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, heat shock protein 90 and calreticulin, whereas only <it>ERp29 </it>mRNA transcript increased.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>ZEA induced human leukemic cell apoptosis via endoplasmic stress and mitochondrial pathway.</p

Optimized high speed turning on Inconel 718 using Taguchi method based Grey relational analysis

269-275Inconel 718, a Nickel based super alloy which has wide applications in aerospace industry particularly in the hot sections of gas turbine engines due to their high temperature strength and corrosion resistance. It is known as being among the most difficult-to-cut materials. This paper presents an optimum process parameters (speed, feed and depth of cut) to minimize the cutting force, surface roughness and tool flank wear together in CNC high speed dry turning of Inconel 718 using Taguchi method based Grey relational analysis. The study involved nine experiments based on Taguchi orthogonal array and the result indicates that the optimal process parameters are 60 m/min for speed, 0.05 mm/rev for feed and 0.2 mm for depth of cut from the selected range. Also the significant process parameters have been found out for the above process optimization by performing ANOVA. Confirmation tests with the optimal levels of cutting parameters are carried out in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the method

Improved Post-larval Production in Giant Prawn, <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii, </i>through Modulation of Antioxidant Defence System by Dietary Vitamin-E

195-202Giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (deMan) (Crustacea-Decapoda) is an economically important species widely cultured in both freshwater and low saline water (brackish water) aquaculture. The experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin-E on the post-larval production (seed production), lipid peroxidation (LPX) and antioxidant defence system in the post larvae of M. rosenbergii. Objective of the study is to refine the existing seed production technology through the modulation of antioxidant defence system during larval progression. Results of the first feeding trial clearly exhibit the increased post-larval production in response to different levels of supplementary vitamin-E (50, 100, 200 or 400 mglkg feed). Results of the second feeding experiment with a selective dose of vitamin-E (200 mglkg feed) were also consistent with that and it was further observed that vitamin-E supplemented diet (200 mglkg feed) can reduce the level of LPX in the post larvae. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was reduced significantly but that of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was elevated in the post larvae receiving vitam.in-E supplementation. Though ascorbic acid content of the post larvae was elevated in response to vitamin-E supplemented diet, glutathione (GSH) content remained unaltered. The present findings indicate that modulation of antioxidant defence system in response to vitamin-E supplementation in the diet might have a positive role in improving post-larval production

Design and Implementation of Intelligent Energy Distribution Management with Mesh Topology

The enhancement of automatic metering system is presented in this paper. The power management system is consists of Zigbee Digital Power meters installed in every consumer unit and an Electricity e-Billing system at the energy provider side. The Zigbee Digital Power meter (ZPM) is a single phase digital kWh power meter with embedded Zigbee modem which use of the Wireless sensor network to send its power management reading using information back to the energy provider wirelessly. At the power provider side an e-billing system is used to deal with a received zigbee meter reading, compute the billing cost, update the database, and to publish billing notification to its respective consumer through wireless. Traditional meter reading for electricity expenditure and billing is done by human operator from houses to houses and building to building. This needs huge number of labour operators and long working hour to achieve entire area data reading and billing. Human operator billing or prone to reading error as sometime the houses electric power meter is place in a location where it is not easily available. If power will be less in grid, automatically power will be control. The proposed system makes use of current and voltage sensors to measure the current and voltage and thereby decide the power consumed. The real time billing of the energy consumed is computed at the supplier end and is transmitted to the customer end

Bond strength of orthodontic brackets to temporary crowns: In vitro effects of surface treatment

Background: To evaluate bond strength of orthodontic brackets to temporary crowns. Materials and Methods: A bis-acrylic composite was used to create a total of 25 discs, which were then divided into five groups based on how their surfaces were treated with black, blue, green, and sandblasted diamond burs, in addition to a control group. Software called SPSS was used to analyze the outcome. Results: The average pressures measured for the green bur, black bur, and sandblasting, respectively, were 12.05 MPa, 12.87 MPa, and 19.25 MPa. Comparing the control and blue groups, a substantial variation in shear bond strength was only noticed with reference to sandblasting. Conclusion: The binding strength of orthodontic brackets is increased by sandblasting temporary crowns